VC最常用操作程序20项列举

　一、打开CD-ROM

　　mciSendString("Set cdAudio door open wait",NULL,0,NULL);

　　二、关闭CD_ROM

　　mciSendString("Set cdAudio door closed wait",NULL,0,NULL);

OSVERSIONINFO OsVersionInfo; //包含操作系统版本信息的数据结构
OsVersionInfo.dwOSVersionInfoSize = sizeof(OSVERSIONINFO);
GetVersionEx(&OsVersionInfo); //获取操作系统版本信息
if(OsVersionInfo.dwPlatformId == VER_PLATFORM_WIN32_WINDOWS)
{
//Windows98,调用ExitWindowsEx()函数重新启动计算机

DWORD dwReserved;
ExitWindowsEx(EWX_REBOOT,dwReserved); //可以改变第一个参数，实现注销用户、
//关机、关闭电源等操作
// 退出前的一些处理程序
}

typedef int (CALLBACK *SHUTDOWNDLG)(int); //显示关机对话框函数的指针
HINSTANCE hInst = LoadLibrary("shell32.dll"); //装入shell32.dll
SHUTDOWNDLG ShutDownDialog; //指向shell32.dll库中显示关机对话框函数的指针
if(hInst != NULL)
{
//获得函数的地址并调用之
ShutDownDialog = (SHUTDOWNDLG)GetProcAddress(hInst,(LPSTR)60);

(*ShutDownDialog)(0);
}

LOGFONT lf;
lf.lfCharSet = DEFAULT_CHARSET; // Initialize the LOGFONT structure
strcpy(lf.lfFaceName,"");
CClientDC dc (this);
// Enumerate the font families
::EnumFontFamiliesEx((HDC) dc,&lf,
(FONTENUMPROC) EnumFontFamProc,(LPARAM) this,0);
//枚举函数
int CALLBACK EnumFontFamProc(LPENUMLOGFONT lpelf,
LPNEWTEXTMETRIC lpntm,DWORD nFontType,long lparam)

{
// Create a pointer to the dialog window
CDay7Dlg* pWnd = (CDay7Dlg*) lparam;
// add the font name to the list box
pWnd ->m_ctlFontList.AddString(lpelf ->elfLogFont.lfFaceName);
// Return 1 to continue font enumeration
return 1;
}
其中m_ctlFontList是一个列表控件变量

　六、一次只运行一个程序实例，如果已运行则退出
　　if( FindWindow(NULL,"程序标题")) exit(0);

　　七、得到当前鼠标所在位置
　　CPoint pt;
　　GetCursorPos(&pt); //得到位置

　　八、上下文菜单事件触发事件：OnContextMenu事件

　　九、显示和隐藏程序菜单

CWnd *pWnd=AfxGetMainWnd();
if(b_m) //隐藏菜单
{
pWnd->SetMenu(NULL);
pWnd->DrawMenuBar();
b_m=false;
}
else
{
CMenu menu;
menu.LoadMenu(IDR_MAINFRAME); ////显示菜单 也可改变菜单项
pWnd->SetMenu(&menu);
pWnd->DrawMenuBar();
b_m=true;
menu.Detach();
}

HICON hIcon=::ExtractIcon(AfxGetInstanceHandle(),_T("NotePad.exe"),0);
if (hIcon &&hIcon!=(HICON)-1)
{
pDC->DrawIcon(10,10,hIcon);

}
DestroyIcon(hIcon);

　十一、窗口自动靠边程序演示

BOOL AdjustPos(CRect* lpRect)
{//自动靠边
int iSX=GetSystemMetrics(SM_CXFULLSCREEN);
int iSY=GetSystemMetrics(SM_CYFULLSCREEN);
RECT rWorkArea;
BOOL bResult = SystemParametersInfo(SPI_GETWORKAREA, sizeof(RECT), &rWorkAre
a, 0);
CRect rcWA;
if(!bResult)
{//如果调用不成功就利用GetSystemMetrics获取屏幕面积
rcWA=CRect(0,0,iSX,iSY);
}
else
rcWA=rWorkArea;
int iX=lpRect->left;
int iY=lpRect->top;

if(iX < rcWA.left + DETASTEP && iX!=rcWA.left)
{//调整左
//pWnd->SetWindowPos(NULL,rcWA.left,iY,0,0,SWP_NOSIZE);
lpRect->OffsetRect(rcWA.left-iX,0);
AdjustPos(lpRect);
return TRUE;
}
if(iY < rcWA.top + DETASTEP && iY!=rcWA.top)
{//调整上
//pWnd->SetWindowPos(NULL ,iX,rcWA.top,0,0,SWP_NOSIZE);
lpRect->OffsetRect(0,rcWA.top-iY);
AdjustPos(lpRect);
return TRUE;
}
if(iX + lpRect->Width() > rcWA.right - DETASTEP && iX !=rcWA.right-lpRect->W

idth())
{//调整右
//pWnd->SetWindowPos(NULL ,rcWA.right-rcW.Width(),iY,0,0,SWP_NOSIZE);
lpRect->OffsetRect(rcWA.right-lpRect->right,0);
AdjustPos(lpRect);
return TRUE;
}
if(iY + lpRect->Height() > rcWA.bottom - DETASTEP && iY !=rcWA.bottom-lpRect
->Height())
{//调整下
//pWnd->SetWindowPos(NULL ,iX,rcWA.bottom-rcW.Height(),0,0,SWP_NOSIZE);
lpRect->OffsetRect(0,rcWA.bottom-lpRect->bottom);
return TRUE;
}
return FALSE;
}
//然后在ONMOVEING事件中使用所下过程调用

CRect r=*pRect;
AdjustPos(&r);
*pRect=(RECT)r;

　　十二、给系统菜单添加一个菜单项

　　给系统菜单添加一个菜单项需要进行下述三个步骤：

　　首先，使用Resource Symbols对话（在View菜单中选择Resource Symbols．．．可以显示该对话）定义菜单项ID，该ID应大于0x0F而小于0xF000；

　　其次，调用CWnd::GetSystemMenu获取系统菜单的指针并调用CWnd:: Appendmenu将菜单项添加到菜单中。下例给系统菜单添加两个新的

int CMainFrame:: OnCreate (LPCREATESTRUCT lpCreateStruct)
{
…
//Make sure system menu item is in the right range.

ASSERT(IDM_MYSYSITEM<0xF000);
//Get pointer to system menu.
CMenu* pSysMenu=GetSystemMenu(FALSE);
ASSERT_VALID(pSysMenu);
//Add a separator and our menu item to system menu.
CString StrMenuItem(_T ("New menu item"));
pSysMenu->AppendMenu(MF_SEPARATOR);
pSysMenu->AppendMenu(MF_STRING, IDM_MYSYSITEM, StrMenuItem);
…
}

char szMailAddress[80];
strcpy(szMailAddress,"mailto:netvc@21cn.com");
ShellExecute(NULL, "open", szMailAddress, NULL, NULL, SW_SHOWNORMAL);

WinExec("notepad.exe",SW_SHOW); //运行计事本

　　十四、动态增加或删除菜单

　　1、 增加菜单

//添加
CMenu *mainmenu;
mainmenu=AfxGetMainWnd()->GetMenu(); //得到主菜单
(mainmenu->GetSubMenu (0))->AppendMenu (MF_SEPARATOR);//添加分隔符
(mainmenu->GetSubMenu (0))->AppendMenu(MF_STRING,ID_APP_ABOUT,_T("Always on
&Top")); //添加新的菜单项
DrawMenuBar(); //重画菜单

//删除
CMenu *mainmenu;
mainmenu=AfxGetMainWnd()->GetMenu(); //得到主菜单

CString str ;
for(int i=(mainmenu->GetSubMenu (0))->GetMenuItemCount()-1;i>=0;i--) //取得菜
单的项数。
{
(mainmenu->GetSubMenu (0))->GetMenuString(i,str,MF_BYPOSITION);
//将指定菜单项的标签拷贝到指定的缓冲区。MF_BYPOSITION的解释见上。
if(str=="Always on &Top") //如果是刚才我们增加的菜单项，则删除。
{
(mainmenu->GetSubMenu (0))->DeleteMenu(i,MF_BYPOSITION);
break;
}

HICON hIcon=AfxGetApp()->LoadIcon(IDI_ICON);
ASSERT(hIcon);
AfxGetMainWnd()->SendMessage(WM_SETICON,TRUE,(LPARAM)hIcon);

　　十六、另一种改变窗口标题的方法

使用语句 CWnd* m_pCWnd = AfxGetMainWnd( )，然后，再以如下形式调用SetWindowText()函数：
SetWindowText( *m_pCWnd,(LPCTSTR)m_WindowText)；// m_WindowText可以是一个CString类的变量。

　　十七、剪切板上通过增强元文件拷贝图像数据

　　下面代码拷贝通过元文件拷贝图像数据到任何应用程序，其可以放置在CView派生类的函数中。

CMetaFileDC * m_pMetaDC = new CMetaFileDC();
m_pMetaDC->CreateEnhanced(GetDC(),NULL,NULL,"whatever");
//draw meta file
//do what ever you want to do: bitmaps, lines, text...
//close meta file dc and prepare for clipboard;
HENHMETAFILE hMF = m_pMetaDC->CloseEnhanced();
//copy to clipboard
OpenClipboard();
EmptyClipboard();
::SetClipboardData(CF_ENHMETAFILE,hMF);
CloseClipboard();

//DeleteMetaFile(hMF);
delete m_pMetaDC;

CString source;
//put your text in source
if(OpenClipboard())
{
HGLOBAL clipbuffer;
char * buffer;
EmptyClipboard();
clipbuffer = GlobalAlloc(GMEM_DDESHARE, source.GetLength()+1);
buffer = (char*)GlobalLock(clipbuffer);
strcpy(buffer, LPCSTR(source));
GlobalUnlock(clipbuffer);
SetClipboardData(CF_TEXT,clipbuffer);
CloseClipboard();
}

char * buffer;
if(OpenClipboard())
{
buffer = (char*)GetClipboardData(CF_TEXT);
//do something with buffer here
//before it goes out of scope
}
CloseClipboard();

　十九、将捕捉屏幕图像到剪切版中

void CShowBmpInDlgDlg::OnCutScreen()
{
ShowWindow(SW_HIDE);
RECT r_bmp={0,0,::GetSystemMetrics(SM_CXSCREEN),
::GetSystemMetrics(SM_CYSCREEN)};
HBITMAP hBitmap;
hBitmap=CopyScreenToBitmap(&r_bmp);

//hWnd为程序窗口句柄
if (OpenClipboard())
{
EmptyClipboard();
SetClipboardData(CF_BITMAP, hBitmap);
CloseClipboard();
}
ShowWindow(SW_SHOW);
}
HBITMAP CShowBmpInDlgDlg::CopyScreenToBitmap(LPRECT lpRect)
{
//lpRect 代表选定区域
{
HDC hScrDC, hMemDC;
// 屏幕和内存设备描述表
HBITMAP hBitmap, hOldBitmap;
// 位图句柄
int nX, nY, nX2, nY2;
// 选定区域坐标
int nWidth, nHeight;
// 位图宽度和高度
int xScrn, yScrn;
// 屏幕分辨率

// 确保选定区域不为空矩形
if (IsRectEmpty(lpRect))
return NULL;
//为屏幕创建设备描述表
hScrDC = CreateDC("DISPLAY", NULL, NULL, NULL);
//为屏幕设备描述表创建兼容的内存设备描述表
hMemDC = CreateCompatibleDC(hScrDC);
// 获得选定区域坐标
nX = lpRect->left;
nY = lpRect->top;
nX2 = lpRect->right;
nY2 = lpRect->bottom;
// 获得屏幕分辨率
xScrn = GetDeviceCaps(hScrDC, HORZRES);
yScrn = GetDeviceCaps(hScrDC, VERTRES);
//确保选定区域是可见的
if (nX<0)

nX = 0;
if (nY<0)
nY = 0;
if (nX2>xScrn)
nX2 = xScrn;
if (nY2>yScrn)
nY2 = yScrn;
nWidth = nX2 - nX;
nHeight = nY2 - nY;
// 创建一个与屏幕设备描述表兼容的位图
hBitmap = CreateCompatibleBitmap
(hScrDC, nWidth, nHeight);
// 把新位图选到内存设备描述表中
hOldBitmap =(HBITMAP)SelectObject(hMemDC, hBitmap);
// 把屏幕设备描述表拷贝到内存设备描述表中
BitBlt(hMemDC, 0, 0, nWidth, nHeight,
hScrDC, nX, nY, SRCCOPY);
//得到屏幕位图的句柄
hBitmap = (HBITMAP)SelectObject(hMemDC, hOldBitmap);

//清除
DeleteDC(hScrDC);
DeleteDC(hMemDC);
// 返回位图句柄
return hBitmap;
}
}

　二十、如何将位图缩放显示在Static控件中

　　//在Staic控件内显示位图

void CShowBmpInDlgDlg::ShowBmpInStaic()
{
CBitmap hbmp;
HBITMAP hbitmap;
//将pStatic指向要显示的地方
CStatic *pStaic;
pStaic=(CStatic*)GetDlgItem(IDC_IMAGE);
//装载资源 MM.bmp是我的一个文件名，用你的替换
hbitmap=(HBITMAP)::LoadImage (::AfxGetInstanceHandle(),"MM.bmp",
IMAGE_BITMAP,0,0,LR_LOADFROMFILE|LR_CREATEDIBSECTION);

hbmp.Attach(hbitmap);
//获取图片格式
BITMAP bm;
hbmp.GetBitmap(&bm);
CDC dcMem;
dcMem.CreateCompatibleDC(GetDC());
CBitmap *poldBitmap=(CBitmap*)dcMem.SelectObject(hbmp);
CRect lRect;
pStaic->GetClientRect(&lRect);
//显示位图
pStaic->GetDC()->StretchBlt(lRect.left ,lRect.top ,lRect.Width(),lRect.Heigh
t(),
&dcMem,0 ,0,bm.bmWidth,bm.bmHeight,SRCCOPY);
dcMem.SelectObject(&poldBitmap);
}