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微信公众平台开发教程(四) 实例入门:机器人

一、功能介绍

通过微信公众平台实现在线客服机器人功能。主要的功能包括:简单对话、查询天气等服务。

这里只是提供比较简单的功能,重在通过此实例来说明公众平台的具体研发过程。只是一个简单DEMO,如果需要的话可以在此基础上进行扩展。

当然后续我们还会推出比较复杂的应用实例。

二、具体实现

1、提供访问接口

这里不再赘述,参照上一章,微信公众账号开发教程(二) 基础框架搭建

2、签名认证和分发请求

这里不再赘述,参照上一章,微信公众账号开发教程(二) 基础框架搭建

3、处理请求,并响应

1)关注

当微信用户关注公众账号时,可以给其适当的提示。可以是欢迎词,可以是帮助提示。

直接上代码:

    class EventHandler : IHandler    {        /// <summary>        /// 请求的xml        /// </summary>        private string RequestXml { get; set; }        /// <summary>        /// 构造函数        /// </summary>        /// <param name="requestXml"></param>        public EventHandler(string requestXml)        {            this.RequestXml = requestXml;        }        /// <summary>        /// 处理请求        /// </summary>        /// <returns></returns>        public string HandleRequest()        {            string response = string.Empty;            EventMessage em = EventMessage.LoadFromXml(RequestXml);            if (em.Event.Equals("subscribe",StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))            {                //回复欢迎消息                TextMessage tm = new TextMessage();                tm.ToUserName = em.FromUserName;                tm.FromUserName = em.ToUserName;                tm.CreateTime = Common.GetNowTime();                tm.Content = "欢迎您关注***,我是大哥大,有事就问我,呵呵!/n/n";                response = tm.GenerateContent();            }            return response;        }    }

2)问候

简单的交流问候,比如你好、帮助等等,跟我们使用微信聊天一样,不过回应是由我们的程序响应。具体功能,可以根据自己的需要进行添加。
微信本来就是沟通的平台。这个案例,可以用于在线服务机器人,类似于淘宝的客服机器人,可是我们这个是微信版的。呵呵
其实,很简单,获取请求消息,根据关键字来匹配回应。当然这里可能要做的工作很多,如何支持智能匹配,如何支持模糊匹配等。

代码如下:

    /// <summary>    /// 文本信息处理类    /// </summary>    public class TextHandler : IHandler    {        /// <summary>        /// 请求的XML        /// </summary>        private string RequestXml { get; set; }        /// <summary>        /// 构造函数        /// </summary>        /// <param name="requestXml">请求的xml</param>        public TextHandler(string requestXml)        {            this.RequestXml = requestXml;        }        /// <summary>        /// 处理请求        /// </summary>        /// <returns></returns>        public string HandleRequest()        {            string response = string.Empty;            TextMessage tm = TextMessage.LoadFromXml(RequestXml);            string content = tm.Content.Trim();            if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(content))            {                response = "您什么都没输入,没法帮您啊,%>_<%。";            }            else            {                if (content.StartsWith("tq", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))                {                    string cityName = content.Substring(2).Trim();                    response = WeatherHelper.GetWeather(cityName);                }                else                {                    response = HandleOther(content);                }            }            tm.Content = response;            //进行发送者、接收者转换            string temp = tm.ToUserName;            tm.ToUserName = tm.FromUserName;            tm.FromUserName = temp;            response = tm.GenerateContent();            return response;        }        /// <summary>        /// 处理其他消息        /// </summary>        /// <param name="tm"></param>        /// <returns></returns>        private string HandleOther(string requestContent)        {            string response = string.Empty;            if (requestContent.Contains("你好") || requestContent.Contains("您好"))            {                response = "您也好~";            }            else if (requestContent.Contains("傻"))            {                response = "我不傻!哼~ ";            }            else if (requestContent.Contains("逼") || requestContent.Contains("操"))            {                response = "哼,你说脏话! ";            }            else if (requestContent.Contains("是谁"))            {                response = "我是大哥大,有什么能帮您的吗?~";            }            else if (requestContent.Contains("再见"))            {                response = "再见!";            }            else if (requestContent.Contains("bye"))            {                response = "Bye!";            }            else if (requestContent.Contains("谢谢"))            {                response = "不客气!嘿嘿";            }            else if (requestContent == "h" || requestContent == "H" || requestContent.Contains("帮助"))            {                response = @"查询天气,输入tq 城市名称/拼音/首字母";            }            else            {                response = "您说的,可惜,我没明白啊,试试其他关键字吧。";            }            return response;        }    }

3)查询天气

这个功能需要请求实时查询的,请求官方的天气发布网站,然后解析其返回值,按照我们需要的格式,组织天气信息,最后发送给微信客户。
采用文本消息方式处理。
用户请求,只需输入:tq 城市名称/拼音/首字母,即可获取消息。

回复的消息:(以北京为例)

北京2013年11月6日 星期三今天:(17℃~4℃)晴北风4-5级转3-4级4-5级转3-4级24小时穿衣指数:天气冷,建议着棉服、羽绒服、皮夹克加羊毛衫等冬季服装。年老体弱者宜着厚棉衣、冬大衣或厚羽绒服。明天:(14℃~3℃)晴转多云微风小于3级48小时穿衣指数:天气冷,建议着棉服、羽绒服、皮夹克加羊毛衫等冬季服装。年老体弱者宜着厚棉衣、冬大衣或厚羽绒服。

来看源码吧:

    class WeatherHelper    {        /// <summary>        /// 城市集合字段        /// </summary>        private static Dictionary<string, City> mCities;        /// <summary>        /// 城市集合        /// </summary>        public static Dictionary<string, City> Cities        {            get            {                if (mCities == null)                {                    LoadCities();                }                return mCities;            }        }        /// <summary>        /// 加载城市        /// </summary>        private static void LoadCities()        {            mCities = new Dictionary<string, City>();            mCities.Clear();            mCities.Add("101010100", new City() { Code = "101010100", Name = "北京", PinYin = "beijing", FristLetter = "bj" });            mCities.Add("101020100", new City() { Code = "101020100", Name = "上海", PinYin = "shanghai", FristLetter = "sh" });            mCities.Add("101200101", new City() { Code = "101200101", Name = "武汉", PinYin = "wuhai", FristLetter = "wh" });                    }        /// <summary>        /// 获取城市的天气        /// </summary>        /// <param name="name">城市名称、拼音或首字母</param>        /// <returns></returns>        public static string GetWeather(string name)        {            string result = string.Empty;            string cityCode = string.Empty;            //获取城市编码            IEnumerable<string> codes = from item in Cities                                        where item.Value != null                                              && (item.Value.Name.Equals(name, StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase)                                                     || item.Value.PinYin.Equals(name, StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase)                                                     || item.Value.FristLetter.Equals(name, StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))                                        select item.Value.Code;            if (codes != null && codes.Count() > 0)            {                cityCode = codes.First<string>();            }            //http请求,获取天气            if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(cityCode))            {                string url = "http://www.php.cn/{0}.html";                url = string.Format(url, cityCode);                WebRequest request = HttpWebRequest.Create(url);                //超时时间为:2秒                request.Timeout = 2000;                request.Credentials = CredentialCache.DefaultCredentials;                WebResponse response = request.GetResponse();                StreamReader reader = new StreamReader(response.GetResponseStream(), Encoding.UTF8);                string weahterInfo = reader.ReadToEnd();                if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(weahterInfo))                {                    result = "暂时没有取到天气数据,请稍后再试";                }                else                {                    XmlDocument doc = JsonConvert.DeserializeXmlNode(weahterInfo);                    if (doc != null)                    {                        XmlNode node = doc.DocumentElement;                        if (node != null)                        {                            StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder();                            builder.Append(node["city"].InnerText).Append("/n");                            builder.Append(node["date_y"].InnerText).Append(" ").Append(node["week"].InnerText).Append("/n");                            builder.Append("今天:").Append("(").Append(node["temp1"].InnerText).Append(")").Append(node["weather1"].InnerText).Append(node["wind1"].InnerText).Append(node["fl1"].InnerText).Append("/n");                            builder.Append("24小时穿衣指数:").Append(node["index_d"].InnerText).Append("/n");                            builder.Append("明天:").Append("(").Append(node["temp2"].InnerText).Append(")").Append(node["weather2"].InnerText).Append(node["wind2"].InnerText).Append(node["fl2"].InnerText).Append("/n");                            builder.Append("48小时穿衣指数:").Append(node["index48_d"].InnerText).Append("/n");                            result = builder.ToString();                        }                    }                    #region 天气json数据格式                    /*                                 {   "weatherinfo": {       "city": "北京",        "city_en": "beijing",        "date_y": "2013年11月4日",        "date": "",        "week": "星期一",        "fchh": "11",        "cityid": "101010100",        "temp1": "17℃~5℃",        "temp2": "16℃~5℃",        "temp3": "18℃~4℃",        "temp4": "17℃~5℃",        "temp5": "14℃~6℃",        "temp6": "14℃~2℃",        "tempF1": "62.6℉~41℉",        "tempF2": "60.8℉~41℉",        "tempF3": "64.4℉~39.2℉",        "tempF4": "62.6℉~41℉",        "tempF5": "57.2℉~42.8℉",        "tempF6": "57.2℉~35.6℉",        "weather1": "晴转多云",        "weather2": "多云",        "weather3": "多云转晴",        "weather4": "晴转多云",        "weather5": "多云转阴",        "weather6": "阴转晴",        "img1": "0",        "img2": "1",        "img3": "1",        "img4": "99",        "img5": "1",        "img6": "0",        "img7": "0",        "img8": "1",        "img9": "1",        "img10": "2",        "img11": "2",        "img12": "0",        "img_single": "0",        "img_title1": "晴",        "img_title2": "多云",        "img_title3": "多云",        "img_title4": "多云",        "img_title5": "多云",        "img_title6": "晴",        "img_title7": "晴",        "img_title8": "多云",        "img_title9": "多云",        "img_title10": "阴",        "img_title11": "阴",        "img_title12": "晴",        "img_title_single": "晴",        "wind1": "微风",        "wind2": "微风",        "wind3": "微风",        "wind4": "微风",        "wind5": "微风",        "wind6": "北风4-5级",        "fx1": "微风",        "fx2": "微风",        "fl1": "小于3级",        "fl2": "小于3级",        "fl3": "小于3级",        "fl4": "小于3级",        "fl5": "小于3级",        "fl6": "4-5级",        "index": "较冷",        "index_d": "建议着大衣、呢外套加毛衣、卫衣等服装。体弱者宜着厚外套、厚毛衣。因昼夜温差较大,注意增减衣服。",        "index48": "冷",        "index48_d": "天气冷,建议着棉服、羽绒服、皮夹克加羊毛衫等冬季服装。年老体弱者宜着厚棉衣、冬大衣或厚羽绒服。",        "index_uv": "中等",        "index48_uv": "弱",        "index_xc": "适宜",        "index_tr": "适宜",        "index_co": "舒适",        "st1": "17",        "st2": "5",        "st3": "17",        "st4": "5",        "st5": "18",        "st6": "6",        "index_cl": "适宜",        "index_ls": "适宜",        "index_ag": "极不易发"   }}                */                    #endregion                }            }            else            {                result = "没有获取到该城市的天气,请确定输入了正确的城市名称,如/'北京/'或者/'beijing/'或者/'bj/'";            }            //返回            return result;        }        /// <summary>        /// 内部类:城市        /// </summary>        internal class City        {            /// <summary>            /// 编码            /// </summary>            public string Code { get; set; }            /// <summary>            /// 名称            /// </summary>            public string Name { get; set; }            /// <summary>            /// 拼音            /// </summary>            public string PinYin { get; set; }            /// <summary>            /// 拼音首字母            /// </summary>            public string FristLetter { get; set; }        }    }

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