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微信开发实现自定义菜单代码教程

这篇文章主要为大家详细介绍了php微信开发之自定义菜单完整流程,具有一定的参考价值,感兴趣的小伙伴们可以参考一下

一、自定义菜单概述

自定义菜单能够帮助公众号丰富界面,让用户更好更快地理解公众号的功能。开启自定义菜单后,公众号界面如图所示:

二、申请自定义菜单

个人订阅号使用微博认证、企业订阅号通过微信认证;可以申请到自定义菜单资格

服务号默认有菜单权限。

三、获得AppId 和AppSecert

AppId和AppSecret在开发者中心-开发者ID中,可以找到。


四、获得Access Token

用appid和appsecert获得access token,接口为

api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bi ... mp;secret=APPSECRET

程序实现如下

$appid = ""; $appsecret = ""; $url = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/token?grant_type=client_credential&appid=$appid&secret=$appsecret"; $ch = curl_init(); curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL, $url); curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER, FALSE); curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYHOST, FALSE); curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1); $output = curl_exec($ch); curl_close($ch); $jsoninfo = json_decode($output, true); $access_token = $jsoninfo["access_token"];

你也可以直接在浏览器地址栏中,拼接出地址,执行后,获得如下数据

代码如下:

{"access_token":"N2L7KXa084WvelONYjkJ_traBMCCvy_UKmpUUzlrQ0EA2yNp3Iz6eSUrRG0bhaR_viswd50vDuPkY5nG43d1gbm-olT2KRMxOsVE08RfeD9lvK9lMguNG9kpIkKGZEjIf8Jv2m9fFhf8bnNa-yQH3g",

代码如下:

"expires_in":7200}

参数说明如下

其中的
N2L7KXa084WvelONYjkJ_traBMCCvy_UKmpUUzlrQ0EA2yNp3Iz6eSUrRG0bhaR_viswd50vDuPkY5nG43d1gbm-olT2KRMxOsVE08RfeD9lvK9lMguNG9kpIkKGZEjIf8Jv2m9fFhf8bnNa-yQH3g
就是access token。

或者使用官方的接口调试工具,地址为:
https://mp.weixin.qq.com/debug/cgi-bin/apiinfo?t=index&type=%E8%87%AA%E5%AE%9A%E4%B9%89%E8%8F%9C%E5%8D%95&form=%E8%87%AA%E5%AE%9A%E4%B9%89%E8%8F%9C%E5%8D%95%E5%88%9B%E5%BB%BA%E6%8E%A5%E5%8F%A3%20/menu/create

使用网页调试工具调试自定义菜单接口

点击检查问题得,得到

这样也获得了access token

五、组织菜单内容

目前自定义菜单最多包括3个一级菜单,每个一级菜单最多包含5个二级菜单。一级菜单最多4个汉字,二级菜单最多7个汉字,多出来的部分将会以“...”代 替。请注意,创建自定义菜单后,由于微信客户端缓存,需要24小时微信客户端才会展现出来。建议测试时可以尝试取消关注公众账号后再次关注,则可以看到创 建后的效果。

目前自定义菜单接口可实现两种类型按钮,如下:

click:
用户点击click类型按钮后,微信服务器会通过消息接口推送消息类型为event 的结构给开发者(参考消息接口指南),并且带上按钮中开发者填写的key值,开发者可以通过自定义的key值与用户进行交互;
view:
用户点击view类型按钮后,微信客户端将会打开开发者在按钮中填写的url值 (即网页链接),达到打开网页的目的,建议与网页授权获取用户基本信息接口结合,获得用户的登入个人信息。

接口调用请求说明

http请求方式:POST(请使用https协议) api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bi ... _token=ACCESS_TOKEN

请求示例

{  "button":[   {     "type":"click",    "name":"今日歌曲",    "key":"V1001_TODAY_MUSIC"   },   {    "type":"click",    "name":"歌手简介",    "key":"V1001_TODAY_SINGER"   },   {    "name":"菜单",    "sub_button":[    {      "type":"view",     "name":"搜索",     "url":"http://www.soso.com/"    },    {     "type":"view",     "name":"视频",     "url":"http://v.qq.com/"    },    {     "type":"click",     "name":"赞一下我们",     "key":"V1001_GOOD"    }]   }] }

参数说明

返回结果

正确时的返回JSON数据包如下:

{"errcode":0,"errmsg":"ok"}

错误时的返回JSON数据包如下(示例为无效菜单名长度):

{"errcode":40018,"errmsg":"invalid button name size"}

六、提交菜单内容给服务器

菜单的JSON结构为

{"button": [{"name":"天气预报","sub_button":[{"type":"click","name":"北京天气","key":"天气北 京"}, {"type":"click","name":"上海天气","key":"天气上海"}, {"type":"click","name":" 广州天气","key":"天气广州"},{"type":"click","name":"深圳天气","key":"天气深圳"}, {"type":"view","name":"本地天气","url":"http://m.hao123.com/a/tianqi"}]}, {"name":"方倍工作室","sub_button":[{"type":"click","name":"公司简 介","key":"company"}, {"type":"click","name":"趣味游戏","key":"游戏"}, {"type":"click","name":"讲个笑话","key":"笑话"}]}]}

将以下代码保存为menu.php,并且在浏览器中运行该文件(比如 127.0.0.1/menu.php),将直接向微信服务器提交菜单

php  $access_token = "";  $jsonmenu = '{   "button":[   {    "name":"天气预报",    "sub_button":[    {     "type":"click",     "name":"北京天气",     "key":"天气北京"    },    {     "type":"click",     "name":"上海天气",     "key":"天气上海"    },    {     "type":"click",     "name":"广州天气",     "key":"天气广州"    },    {     "type":"click",     "name":"深圳天气",     "key":"天气深圳"    },    {     "type":"view",     "name":"本地天气",     "url":"http://m.hao123.com/a/tianqi"    }]      },   {    "name":"瑞雪",    "sub_button":[    {     "type":"click",     "name":"公司简介",     "key":"company"    },    {     "type":"click",     "name":"趣味游戏",     "key":"游戏"    },    {     "type":"click",     "name":"讲个笑话",     "key":"笑话"    }]      }] }';   $url = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/menu/create?access_token=".$access_token; $result = https_request($url, $jsonmenu); var_dump($result);  function https_request($url,$data = null){  $curl = curl_init();  curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_URL, $url);  curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER, FALSE);  curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYHOST, FALSE);  if (!empty($data)){   curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_POST, 1);   curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, $data);  }  curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1);  $output = curl_exec($curl);  curl_close($curl);  return $output; }?>

或者使用官方的调试接口 使用网页调试工具调试该接口

提交成功后,重新关注后即可看到菜单。菜单效果类似如下:

七、响应菜单点击事件

在消息接口中处理event事件,其中的click代表菜单点击,通过响应菜单结构中的key值回应消息,view事件无须响应,将直接跳转过去

define("TOKEN", "weixin");  $wechatObj = new wechatCallbackapiTest(); if (!isset($_GET['echostr'])) {   $wechatObj->responseMsg(); }else{   $wechatObj->valid(); }  class wechatCallbackapiTest {   public function valid()   {     $echoStr = $_GET["echostr"];     if($this->checkSignature()){       echo $echoStr;       exit;     }  }    private function checkSignature()   {     $signature = $_GET["signature"];    $timestamp = $_GET["timestamp"];     $nonce = $_GET["nonce"];     $token = TOKEN;     $tmpArr = array($token, $timestamp, $nonce);     sort($tmpArr);     $tmpStr = implode( $tmpArr );     $tmpStr = sha1( $tmpStr );      if( $tmpStr == $signature ){       return true;     }else{       return false;     }   }    public function responseMsg()   {     $postStr = $GLOBALS["HTTP_RAW_POST_DATA"];     if (!empty($postStr)){       $postObj = simplexml_load_string($postStr, 'SimpleXMLElement', LIBXML_NOCDATA);     $RX_TYPE = trim($postObj->MsgType);       switch ($RX_TYPE)       {         case "text":           $resultStr = $this->receiveText($postObj);           break;         case "event":          $resultStr = $this->receiveEvent($postObj);           break;         default:           $resultStr = "";          break;       }       echo $resultStr;     }else {       echo "";      exit;     }   }    private function receiveText($object)   {     $funcFlag = 0;     $contentStr = "你发送的内容为:".$object->Content;     $resultStr = $this->transmitText($object, $contentStr, $funcFlag);     return $resultStr;   }      private function receiveEvent($object)   {     $contentStr = "";     switch ($object->Event)     {       case "subscribe":         $contentStr = "欢迎洋洋博客";       case "unsubscribe":         break;       case "CLICK":         switch ($object->EventKey)         {           case "company":             $contentStr[] = array("Title" =>"公司简介",              "Description" =>"洋洋的博客",              "PicUrl" =>"http://discuz.comli.com/weixin/weather/icon/cartoon.jpg",              "Url" =>"weixin://addfriend/pondbaystudio");             break;           default:             $contentStr[] = array("Title" =>"默认菜单回复",              "Description" =>"您正在使用的是<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">洋洋的博客</span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">", </span>             "PicUrl" =>"http://discuz.comli.com/weixin/weather/icon/cartoon.jpg",              "Url" =>"weixin://addfriend/pondbaystudio");             break;         }         break;       default:         break;         }     if (is_array($contentStr)){       $resultStr = $this->transmitNews($object, $contentStr);     }else{       $resultStr = $this->transmitText($object, $contentStr);    }     return $resultStr;   }    private function transmitText($object, $content, $funcFlag = 0)   {     $textTpl = "<xml> <ToUserName><![CDATA[%s]]></ToUserName> <FromUserName><![CDATA[%s]]></FromUserName> <CreateTime>%s</CreateTime> <MsgType><![CDATA[text]]></MsgType> <Content><![CDATA[%s]]></Content> <FuncFlag>%d</FuncFlag> </xml>";     $resultStr = sprintf($textTpl, $object->FromUserName, $object->ToUserName, time(), $content, $funcFlag);     return $resultStr;   }    private function transmitNews($object, $arr_item, $funcFlag = 0)   {     //首条标题28字,其他标题39字     if(!is_array($arr_item))       return;      $itemTpl = "  <item>     <Title><![CDATA[%s]]></Title>     <Description><![CDATA[%s]]></Description>     <PicUrl><![CDATA[%s]]></PicUrl>     <Url><![CDATA[%s]]></Url>   </item> ";     $item_str = "";     foreach ($arr_item as $item)       $item_str .= sprintf($itemTpl, $item['Title'], $item['Description'], $item['PicUrl'], $item['Url']);      $newsTpl = "<xml> <ToUserName><![CDATA[%s]]></ToUserName> <FromUserName><![CDATA[%s]]></FromUserName> <CreateTime>%s</CreateTime> <MsgType><![CDATA[news]]></MsgType> <Content><![CDATA[]]></Content> <ArticleCount>%s</ArticleCount> <Articles> $item_str</Articles> <FuncFlag>%s</FuncFlag> </xml>";     $resultStr = sprintf($newsTpl, $object->FromUserName, $object->ToUserName, time(), count($arr_item), $funcFlag);     return $resultStr;   } } ?>

八、菜单中获取OpenID

由于菜单中只能填写固定的url地址,对于想要菜单中获取用户的OpenID的情况,可以使用OAuth2.0授权的方式来实现。

URL中填写的地址为一个固定的回调地址。原理方法可以参考 微信公众平台开发(99) 自定义菜单获取OpenID

<?php /*   洋洋的博客 */  define("TOKEN", "weixin"); $wechatObj = new wechatCallbackapiTest(); if (isset($_GET['echostr'])) {   $wechatObj->valid(); }else{   $wechatObj->responseMsg(); }  class wechatCallbackapiTest {   public function valid()   {     $echoStr = $_GET["echostr"];     if($this->checkSignature()){       header('content-type:text');       echo $echoStr;       exit;     }   }    private function checkSignature()   {     $signature = $_GET["signature"];     $timestamp = $_GET["timestamp"];     $nonce = $_GET["nonce"];      $token = TOKEN;     $tmpArr = array($token, $timestamp, $nonce);     sort($tmpArr, SORT_STRING);     $tmpStr = implode( $tmpArr );     $tmpStr = sha1( $tmpStr );      if( $tmpStr == $signature ){       return true;     }else{       return false;     }   }    public function responseMsg()   {     $postStr = $GLOBALS["HTTP_RAW_POST_DATA"];      if (!empty($postStr)){       $postObj = simplexml_load_string($postStr, 'SimpleXMLElement', LIBXML_NOCDATA);       $fromUsername = $postObj->FromUserName;       $toUsername = $postObj->ToUserName;       $keyword = trim($postObj->Content);       $time = time();       $textTpl = "<xml>             <ToUserName><![CDATA[%s]]></ToUserName>             <FromUserName><![CDATA[%s]]></FromUserName>             <CreateTime>%s</CreateTime>             <MsgType><![CDATA[%s]]></MsgType>             <Content><![CDATA[%s]]></Content>             <FuncFlag>0</FuncFlag>             </xml>";       if($keyword == "?" || $keyword == "?")       {         $msgType = "text";         $contentStr = '当前时间是:'.date("Y-m-d H:i:s",time());         $resultStr = sprintf($textTpl, $fromUsername, $toUsername, $time, $msgType, $contentStr);         echo $resultStr;       }     }else{       echo "";       exit;     }   } } ?>

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